by using the FAST
The Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Tetelscope (FAST) has the largest collecting area for radio waves, with an illumination area of 300m in diatemter and the aperture efficiency about 60%. Amounted with the 19-beam L-band (1000 - 1500MHz) receivers which have with a system temperature of about 20 K at the primary focus, it is the most sensitive radio telescope over the world. It has excellent performance on pointing, with an uncertainty of less than 8 arcseconds in general (see Jiang et al 2019), and can track a source for a few hours with a full gain in a zenith angle of less than 26 degree. This can further improve the sensitivity with integration time.
Considering that the 19-beam receiver can be slightly moved in the beam-switching mode, every step of such beam-switching costs only or 20 seconds, we therefore designed and successfully tested the snapshot mode in March 2019 so that the four steps of small movements of the feeds make the four pointings which make observations to completely cover a sky area of 0.157 square degree, as seen in Fig.1.
Based on this high efficiency snapshot mode observations, during the risk-share open session of the FAST in 2019, we designed the the Galactic Plane Pulsar Snapshot (GPPS) survey . The goal of the GPPS survey is to make the most sensitive pulsar survey on the Galactic plane in +-5 degree of the Galactic latitudes initially and later extend to +-10 degree. The integration time for each pointing is 5 minutes (i.e. 300 seconds). A cover can be surveyed by the 4 pointings made by the beam-switching, which costs 21 minutes in total, including 4*5 minutes for pointing plus 3*20 seconds for beam-switching. It is expected to discover about 1000 pulsars in this sky region visible by the FAST. The best wishes include the discovery of pulsars with extremely short rotating periods or extremely short orbit periods if they are in binary.
We carried out a series of test observations. Initial efforts were dedicated to examine the data acquisition system and test the pointing accuracy, and to design the data convert software. We designed and later continuously improved the pipelines for data-processing. We obtained the some pulsar discoveries in 2019. At the end of 2019, the GPPS project has been officially accepted by the Science Committee of the FAST, as one of five hi-priority major projects of the FAST.
In 2020, extensive observations have been made (see Fig.2), and we have already detected several hundreds of known pulsars, and have discovered pulsars in the following table.
gppsName
gppsNo
Period (s)
DM
RA
J2000 DEC
J2000 DiscoveryObs
Date ConfirmObs
Date PubOnWeb
Date PubName or Notes
J1901+0659_gpps0001
0001
0.07573
126.2
19:01:26
06:59
20190321
20191110, 20200420
20200928
timing=JP.Yuan
J1924+1923_gpps0002
0002
0.68924
386.7
19:24:24
19:23
20190327
20191110
20200928
timing=JP.Yuan
J1904+0823_gpps0003
0003
0.37694
60.4
19:04:43
08:23
20200421
20200915
20200928
J1936+2041_gpps0004
0004
0.06047
193.8
19:36:28
20:41
20200222
20200830, 20200910
20200928
J1838+0046_gpps0005
0005
2.20317
229.6
18:38:10
00:46
20191009
20200203, 20200405, 20200415, 20200811, 20200827
20200928
J1924+1933_gpps0006
0006
0.38886
280.3
19:24:48
19:33
20190327
20191110, 20200204
20200928
timing=JP.Yuan
J1925+1628_gpps0007
0007
0.00411
214.1
19:25:07
16:28
20191121
20200204
20200928
J1905+0655_gpps0008
0008
0.35881
23.0
19:05:48
06:55
20190923
20200205, 20200418, 20200607, 20200826, 20200914
20200928
timing=JP.Yuan
J1904+0854_gpps0009
0009
0.00619
195.1
19:04:50
08:54
20190917
20200205
20200928
FollowUp=PF.Wang
J1857+0214_gpps0010
0010
0.33389
986.3
18:57:09
02:14
20191009
20200212, 20200822
20200928
timing=JP.Yuan
J1947+2006_gpps0011
0011
0.00817
127.4
19:47:58
20:06
20190923
20200204, 20200212
20200928
FollowUp=PF.Wang
J1917+1258_gpps0012
0012
0.00563
117.0
19:17:21
12:58
20191014
20200208, 20200212
20200928
FollowUp=PF.Wang
J1930+1403_gpps0013
0013
0.00321
150.5
19:30:15
14:03
20191121
20200206, 20200401
20200928
FollowUp=PF.Wang
J1852+0056_gpps0014
0014
1.17779
905.69
18:52:14
00:56
20200303
20200404, 20200819, 20200820, 20200911
20200928
J1859+0430_gpps0015
0015
0.33629
783.81
18:59:10
04:30
20200217
20200402, 20200404, 20200816
20200928
timing=JP.Yuan
J1900+0405_gpps0016
0016
0.07238
634.42
19:00:39
04:05
20200222
20200402, 20200817, 20200907
20200928
timing=JP.Yuan
J1906+0822_gpps0017
0017
0.43344
367.90
19:06:36
08:22
20200427
20200812
20200928
J1850-0021_gpps0018
0018
1.57459
605.35
18:50:08
-00:21
20200225
20200401, 20200402, 20200801, 20200816, 20200819
20200928
timing=JP.Yuan
J2052+4421_gpps0019
0019
0.37531
547.0
20:52:53
44:21
20200219
20200331, 20200607, 20200812
20200928
J1854+0013_gpps0020
0020
0.00271
204.10
18:54:17
00:13
20200302
20200401
20200928
J1912+1106_gpps0021
0021
0.67071
150.4
19:12:23
11:06
20200425
20200827, 20200910
20200928
J1854-0033_gpps0022
0022
0.36147
617.50
18:54:29
-00:33
20200420
20200909
20200928
J1917+1412_gpps0023
0108
0.44646
123.4
19:17:29
14:12
20200530
20200910
20200928
J1905+0450_gpps0024
0024
0.78330
442.30
19:05:59
04:50
20200426
20200909
20200928
J1927+1856_gpps0025
0025
0.27873
424.2
19:27:01
18:56
20190328
20200401, 20200811
20200928
timing=JP.Yuan
J1855+0139_gpps0026
0026
0.44414
405.55
18:55:13
01:39
20200217
20200404, 20200828
20200928
timing=JP.Yuan
J1849-0013_gpps0027
0027
0.49171
346.59
18:49:26
-00:13
20200225
20200401, 20200402, 20200813, 20200815, 20200816, 20200819
20200928
timing=JP.Yuan
J1901+0712_gpps0028
0028
1.03771
332.4
19:01:29
07:12
20190321
20200607, 20200807
20200928
J1859+0434_gpps0029
0029
0.45834
320.06
18:59:40
04:34
20200217
20200404, 20200815
20200928
timing=JP.Yuan
J1853+0013_gpps0030
0030
0.92853
312.37
18:53:53
00:13
20200302
20200401, 20200904, 20200906, 20200915
20200928
timing=JP.Yuan
J1908+0811_gpps0031
0031
0.18164
300.15
19:08:43
08:11
20200217
20200402, 20200830
20200928
timing=JP.Yuan
J1924+1343_gpps0032
0032
0.00572
98.5
19:24:20
13:43
20200521
20200914
20200928
J1904+0358_gpps0033
0033
0.75154
532.00
19:04:23
03:58
20200529
20200920
20200928
J1914+1029_gpps0034
0034
0.62129
59.73
19:14:22
10:29
20200306
20200821, 20200914
20200928
J1848+0129_gpps0035
0035
0.53402
77.02
18:48:22
01:29
20190323
20190323, 20200811, 20200829
20200928
J1904+0535_gpps0036
0036
0.36224
78.37
19:04:51
05:35
20200327
20200824
20200928
J1904+0519_gpps0037
0037
1.68053
80.79
19:04:07
05:19
20200327
20200827, 20200910
20200928
J1858-0024_gpps0038
0112
0.80131
186.2
18:58:46
-00:24
20200511
20200829, 20200917
20200928
J1904+0554_gpps0039
0039
0.00491
164.20
19:04:15
+05:54
20200219
20200401
20200928
FollowUp=PF.Wang
J1912+0932_gpps0040
0040
0.44877
143.80
19:12:43
09:32
20200223
20200607, 20200826, 20200830
20200928
J1933+2038_gpps0041
0041
0.04075
302.90
19:33:39
20:38
20200605
20200909
20200928
J1852-0023_gpps0042
0042
0.35545
290.00
18:52:05
-00:23
20200315
20200905
20200928
J1905+0758_gpps0043
0043
1.19276
200.70
19:05:47
07:58
20200304
20200829, 20200911
20200928
J2017+2819_gpps0044
0044
0.91623
66.05
20:17:20
28:19
20190328
20200401, 20200820, 20200914
20200928
timing=JP.Yuan
J2009+3122_gpps0045
0045
0.07654
144.08
20:09:40
31:22
20200315
20200817
20200928
J1956+2826_gpps0046
0046
0.07179
111.97
19:56:48
28:26
20200330
20200820
20200928
J1924+1509_gpps0047
0047
0.24930
115.60
19:24:00
15:09
20200225
20200824, 20200830
20200928
J1903+0845_gpps0048
0048
0.15314
129.08
19:03:40
08:45
20200329
20200823, 20200905, 20200907
20200928
J1910+1054_gpps0049
0049
0.00387
139.36
19:10:01
10:54
20200315
20200415, 20200824
20200928
J1930+1357_gpps0050
0050
0.32354
186.59
19:30:11
13:57
20191121
20200401, 20200823
20200928
J1837+0032_gpps0051
0051
0.41814
186.90
18:37:37
00:32
20200203
20200821
20200928
J1847+0133_gpps0052
0052
1.42352
193.8
18:47:00
01:33
20200428
20200902, 20200910
20200928
J1926+1631_gpps0053
0053
0.67839
195.06
19:26:24
16:31
20200223
20200818
20200928
J1952+2702_gpps0054
0054
0.00414
213.10
19:52:18
27:02
20200525
20200819
20200928
J1911+0751_gpps0055
0055
0.79691
220.69
19:11:40
07:51
20200424
20200823, 20200825
20200928
J1915+0832_gpps0056
0056
0.38714
46.5
19:15:05
08:32
20200528
20200829
20200928
J1910+1117_gpps0057
0057
1.32152
296.46
19:10:27
11:17
20200530
20200818
20200928
J1926+1452_gpps0058
0058
0.30451
298.06
19:26:54
14:52
20200417
20200816
20200928
J1924+1509_gpps0059
0059
0.23995
296.58
19:24:32
15:09
20200225
20200824
20200928
J1917+1122_gpps0060
0060
0.51031
303.53
19:17:26
11:22
20200308
20200813
20200928
J1855+0513_gpps0061
0061
1.42147
307.50
18:55:05
05:13
20200428
20200820
20200928
J1929+1615_gpps0062
0062
0.04460
308.70
19:29:36
16:15
20200306
20200815
20200928
J1900+0213_gpps0063
0063
0.03209
310.50
19:00:12
02:13
20200528
20200820
20200928
FollowUp=PF.Wang
J1952+2836_gpps0064
0064
0.01802
313.00
19:52:48
28:36
20200104
20200808
20200928
FollowUp=PF.Wang
J1936+1952_gpps0065
0065
0.00972
325.03
19:36:00
19:52
20200224
20200822
20200928
FollowUp=PF.Wang
J1859+0026_gpps0066
0066
0.00857
334.09
18:59:58
00:26
20200513
20200812, 20200822
20200928
FollowUp=PF.Wang
J1856+0615_gpps0067
0067
0.32697
333.10
18:56:39
06:15
20200511
20200806
20200928
J1853+0312_gpps0068
0068
0.43809
345.02
18:53:14
03:12
20200509
20200818
20200928
J1855+0455_gpps0069
0069
0.10101
372.88
18:55:15
04:55
20200428
20200813
20200928
J1858+0609_gpps0070
0070
0.48435
381.50
18:58:09
06:09
20200511
20200819
20200928
J1913+0804_gpps0071
0071
0.45555
339.2
19:13:53
08:04
20200529
20200902, 20200902
20200928
J1857+0224_gpps0072
0072
0.87595
401.00
18:57:08
02:24
20200302
20200822
20200928
J1903+0534_gpps0073
0073
0.35765
407.73
19:03:29
05:34
20200512
20200812
20200928
J1928+1809_gpps0074
0074
0.29446
431.14
19:28:06
18:09
20200303
20200811
20200928
J1856+0011_gpps0075
0075
0.46415
455.82
18:56:47
00:11
20200422
20200807
20200928
J2022+3845_gpps0076
0076
1.00890
487.50
20:22:11
38:45
20200325
20200808
20200928
J2005+3411_gpps0077
0077
0.65105
489.00
20:05:43
34:11
20200419
20200808
20200928
J1921+1505_gpps0078
0078
0.61190
519.90
19:21:24
15:05
20200512
20200812
20200928
J1904+0416_gpps0079
0079
0.23145
521.00
19:04:04
04:16
20200529
20200807
20200928
J1859+0127_gpps0080
0080
0.27364
531.69
18:59:11
01:27
20200322
20200815
20200928
J1918+1340_gpps0081
0081
0.23299
575.87
19:18:53
13:40
20200303
20200807
20200928
J1911+0939_gpps0082
0082
0.36547
597.30
19:11:38
09:39
20200330
20200820
20200928
J1852+0159_gpps0083
0083
0.18573
607.51
18:52:43
01:59
20200306
20200812
20200928
J1849+0036_gpps0084
0084
0.39649
611.50
18:49:27
00:36
20200304
20200806
20200928
J2051+4435_gpps0085
0085
1.30316
616.02
20:51:26
44:35
20200331
20200808
20200928
J1920+1515_gpps0086
0086
1.60276
655.50
19:20:22
15:15
20200512
20200531, 20200811
20200928
J2021+4024_gpps0087
0087
0.37054
680.50
20:21:10
40:24
20200417
20200810, 20200812
20200928
J1921+1341_gpps0088
0088
2.30182
754.93
19:21:30
13:41
20200327
20200808, 20200909
20200928
J1853+0022_gpps0089
0089
0.57686
203.27
18:53:08
00:22
20190825
20191014, 20200405, 20200418, 20200827
20200928
timing=JP.Yuan
J1903+0433_gpps0090
0090
2.81011
202.6
19:03:17
+04:33
20200330
20200422, 20200829, 20200911
20200928
J1859+0238_gpps0091
0091
0.05611
250.90
18:59:20
02:38
20200221
20200607, 20200825
20200928
J1906+0647_gpps0092
0092
0.35552
290.46
19:06:19
06:47
20190923
20200402, 20200418, 20200607, 20200825, 20200826, 20200905, 20200907, 20200914
20200928
J1849+0001_gpps0093
0093
0.52560
189.41
18:49:23
00:01
20200225
20200415, 20200801, 20200813, 20200902
20200928
timing=JP.Yuan
J1858+0028_gpps0094
0094
1.57085
415.31
18:58:09
00:28
20200422
20200426
20200928
J1850+0011_gpps0095
0095
0.18834
506.48
18:50:07
00:11
20200321
20200415, 20200801
20200928
J1849+0009_gpps0096
0096
0.65915
501.46
18:49:40
00:09
20200321
20200415, 20200902
20200928
J1849-0003_gpps0097
0097
0.89336
543.9
18:49:59
-00:03
20200225
20200415, 20200813, 20200902
20200928
timing=JP.Yuan
J1852-0002_gpps0098
0098
0.24510
558.11
18:52:10
-00:02
20200315
20200404
20200928
J1921+1258_gpps0099
0099
0.57316
366.29
19:21:18
12:58
20200329
20200428, 20200526
20200928
J1903+0839_gpps0100
0100
0.00462
166.50
19:03:52
08:39
20200329
20200823, 20200905
20200928
FollowUp=PF.Wang
J1903+0850_gpps0101
0101
0.61595
78.9
19:03:09
08:50
20200803
20200905, 20200907
20200928
J1906+0756_gpps0102
0102
0.05719
79.0
19:06:41
07:56
20200306
20200827, 20200911, 20200917
20200928
J1852+0018_gpps0103
0103
0.31876
452.0
18:52:27
00:18
20190825
20200826, 20200915
20200928
J1904+0836_gpps0104
0104
0.00444
90.5
19:04:35
08:36
20200329
20200902, 20200914
20200928
J2045+3631_gpps0105
0105
0.00873
107.1
20:45:01
36:31
20200404
20200907
20200928
J2140+4739_gpps0106
0106
0.55704
138.9
21:40:01
47:39
20200122
20200907
20200928
J1838+0022_gpps0107
0107
0.00509
122.6
18:38:24
00:22
20200821
20200909
20200928
You are very welcome to use the GPPS data for your studies or study the GPPS pulsars.
If you want to such a study, or even if you have any data coincidentally for the new pulsars we have just discovered,
please do contact us to avoid any conflict of interest.
The GPPS survey team consists of Prof. JinLin Han (PI, hjl@nao.cas.cn, NAOC),
Chen Wang (NAOC), PengFei Wang (NAOC), Tao Wang (NAOC),
DeJiang Zhou (NAOC),
Xue Chen (NAOC),
Yi Yan (NAOC), WeiCong Jing (NAOC), WeiQi Su (NAOC),
Peng Jiang (NAOC), JingHai Sun (NAOC),
DongJun Yu (NAOC),
RenXin Xu (PKU), KJ Lee (PKU), JinChen Jiang (PKU), YunPeng Men (PKU),
Heng Xu (PKU), ChunFeng Zhang (PKU), BoJun Wang (PKU), JiangWei Xu (PKU),
HongGuang Wang (GZU), WenJun Huang (GZU),
XiaoPeng You (SWU),
JianPing Yuan (XAO), Rai Yuen (XAO), JinTao Xie (XAO), ShuangQiang Wang (XAO).